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demagnetizing field
The demagnetizing field, also called the stray field, is the magnetic field (H-field)〔In this article the term 'magnetic field' is used for the magnetic 'H field' while 'magnetic flux density' is used for the magnetic 'B-field'.〕 generated by the magnetization in a magnet. The total magnetic field in a region containing magnets is the sum of the demagnetizing fields of the magnets and the magnetic field due to any free currents or displacement currents. The term ''demagnetizing field'' reflects its tendency to act on the magnetization so as to reduce the total magnetic moment. It gives rise to ''shape anisotropy'' in ferromagnets with a single magnetic domain and to magnetic domains in larger ferromagnets.
The demagnetizing field of an arbitrarily shaped object is very difficult to calculate even for the simple case of uniform magnetization. For the special case of ellipsoids (which includes spheres) the demagnetization field is linearly related to the magnetization by a geometry dependent constant called the demagnetizing factor. Since the magnetization of a sample at a given location depends on the ''total'' magnetic field at that point, the demagnetization factor must be used in order to accurately determine how a magnetic material responds to a magnetic field. (See magnetic hysteresis.)
==Magnetostatic principles==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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